As
with other organs, the kidneys can sometimes experience cancer. In
adults, the type of kidney cancer is most commonly found renal cell
carcinoma Derived from cells lining the renal tubules. The majority of
renal tumors solid (Solid) is cancer, While the cyst (Fluid-filled
cavities) are usually benign.
CAUSE
Under normal
circumstances, cells in the urinary tract to grow and divide it
appropriately. But sometimes the cells begin to divide out of control
and produce new cells even though the body does not need it. This will
cause the formation of a network consisting of a mass excess, which is
known as a tumor.
Not all tumors are cancerous (malignant).
Malignant tumors are called malignant tumor. The cells of this tumor
infiltrate and destroy surrounding tissue. These cells are also out of
the original tumor and enter the bloodstream or lymph system and will
carry over into other parts of the body (a process known as metastases
tumor).
cause of kidney cells is unknown, but studies have found
certain factors that seem to increase the risk of kidney cancer. The
risk of renal cell carcinoma increases with age. This cancer most often
occurs at the age of 50-70 years. Men have 2 times greater risk than
women.
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Other risk factors are:
* Smoke
* Obesity
* High blood pressure (hypertension)
* Work environment (charcoal fire workers in the steel mills are at high risk, as well as workers exposed to asbestos)
* Dialysis (Patient chronic renal failure undergoing chronic dialysis are at high risk)
* Irradiation
SYMPTOMS
In
the early stages, kidney cancer rarely causes symptoms. In later
stages, the most common symptoms are (Presence of blood in the urine).
Can be known from the urine that looks pink or known through urine
analysis. High blood pressure caused by inadequate blood flow to some
part or the entire kidney, thereby triggering the release of chemical
messengers to increase blood pressure.
Secondary occur due to high hormone levels erythropoietin, which stimulates bone marrow to increase red blood cell formation.
Other symptoms may occur:
- Pain in the affected kidney,
- Weight loss,
- Fatigue, and
- Intermittent fever.
Diagnosis
On physical examination, sometimes can be felt / felt a lump in the abdomen.
If kidney cancer is suspected, then do some of the following checks:
* Intravenous
* Ultrasound
* CT scan
* MRI can provide additional information regarding the spread of tumors.
If
the tumor is a cyst, fluid samples can be taken for analysis.
Aortografi and Renal artery angiography can be done in preparation for
surgery to provide additional information about the tumor and the renal
artery.